{"id":5930,"date":"2010-10-20T08:25:58","date_gmt":"2010-10-20T13:25:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.olino.org\/us\/?p=5930"},"modified":"2010-10-23T07:52:57","modified_gmt":"2010-10-23T12:52:57","slug":"klv-ledverlichting-klv-made4-a_test","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/olino.org\/blog\/us\/articles\/2010\/10\/20\/klv-ledverlichting-klv-made4-a_test\/","title":{"rendered":"KLV Ledverlichting – KLV-MADE4-A_test"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a> presents a 4x spot ledlamp that is suspended via steel cables fixed on a ceiling. The lamp emits cold white light.<\/p>\n

This article shows the measurement results. Many parameters are also found in the Eulumdat file.<\/p>\n

See this overview<\/a> for a comparison with other light bulbs.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Summary measurement data<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
parameter<\/th>\nmeas. result<\/th>\nremark<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Color temperature<\/a><\/td>\n6345 K<\/td>\nCold white<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Luminous intensity Iv<\/sub><\/a><\/td>\n5544 Cd<\/td>\nMeasured straight underneath the lamp.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Illuminance modulation index<\/a><\/td>\n1 %<\/td>\nMeasured straight underneath the lamp. Is a measure for the amount of flickering.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Beam angle<\/a><\/td>\n32 deg<\/td>\n32\u00ba for all the C0-C180-plane<\/a> as well as for the C90-C270 plane. Both planes cut the lamp in half with two spots on each half. The planes are perpendicular to each other.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Power P<\/a><\/td>\n27.0 W<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Power Factor<\/a><\/td>\n0.65<\/td>\nFor every 1 kWh net power consumed, there has been 1.2 kVAhr for reactive power.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
THD<\/td>\n106 %<\/td>\nTotal Harmonic Distortion<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Luminous flux<\/a><\/td>\n1963 Lm<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Luminous efficacy<\/a><\/td>\n75 Lm\/W<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EU-label classification<\/a><\/td>\nA<\/td>\nThe energy class, from A (more efficient) to G (least efficient).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CRI_Ra<\/a><\/td>\n75<\/td>\nColor Rendering Index<\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Coordinates chromaticity diagram<\/a><\/td>\nx=0.3171 and y=0.3163<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fitting<\/td>\n230V<\/td>\nThis lamp is directly connected to the 230 V grid voltage.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PAR-value<\/a><\/td>\n66.5 \u03bcMol\/s\/m2<\/sup><\/td>\nThe number of photons seen by an average plant when it is lit by the light of this light bulb. Value valid at 1 m distance from light bulb.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PAR-photon efficacy<\/a><\/td>\n0.7 \u03bcMol\/s\/We<\/sub><\/td>\nThe toal emitted number of photons by this light, divided by its consumption in W. It indicates a kind of efficacy in generating photons.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\/P ratio<\/a><\/td>\n2.0<\/td>\nThis factor indicates the amount of times more efficient the light of this light bulb is perceived under scotopic circumstances (low environmental light level).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L x W x H external dimensions<\/td>\n353 x 270 x 50 mm<\/td>\nExternal dimensions of the lamp.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L x W luminous area<\/td>\n140 x 140 mm<\/td>\nDimensions of the luminous area (used in Eulumdat file). The spots each measure about 70 x 70 and are not connected but away from each other. The total luminous area is 140 x 140 which is input into the eulumdat file, as non continuous areas cannot be inserted into the file format.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
General remarks<\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe ambient temperature during the whole set of measurements was 23.4 – 24.9 deg C.<\/p>\n

The temperature of the housing gets about 24 degrees hotter<\/a> than ambient temperature.<\/p>\n

Warm up effect<\/a>: during the warm up time the illuminance decreases with 8 % and the consumed power with 7 %.<\/p>\n

Voltage dependency<\/a>: the power consumption and illuminance vary insignificantly, when the power voltage varies between 200-250 V.<\/p>\n

At the end of the article there is an additional photo<\/a> of the suspension system.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Measurement report (PDF)<\/td>\n\"olino-pdf\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Eulumdat file<\/td>\n\"olino_eulumdat\"<\/a><\/td>\nRight click on icon and save the file.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Overview table<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

The overview table<\/a> is explained on the OliNo website.<\/p>\n

Please note that this overview table makes use of calculations, use this data with care as explained on the OliNo site. E (lux) values are not accurate, when within 5 x 300 mm (the distance between the outer dimensions of two opposite spots) \u2248 1500 mm. Within this distance from the lamp, the measured lux values willl be less than the computed values in this overview as the measurements are then within the near field of the lamp.<\/p>\n

EU Energy label classfication<\/a><\/h3>\n

With the measurement results of the luminous flux and the consumed power the classification on energy of this lamp is calculated. This information is requested in the EU for certain household lamps, see also the OliNo site<\/a> that explains for which lamps it is requested, how the label looks like and what information it needs to contain.<\/p>\n

Herewith the labels for this lamp in color and black and white.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

EU energy label of this lamp<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Label in black and white.<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/a>Eulumdat light diagram<\/h3>\n

This light diagram below comes from the program Qlumedit<\/a>, that extracts these diagrams from an Eulumdat<\/a> file. It is explained<\/a> on the OliNo site.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

The light diagram giving the radiation pattern.<\/em><\/p>\n

It indicates the luminous intensity around the light bulb. All the planes give (almost) the same results as the lamp is symmetrical along its 1st axis.<\/p>\n

Illuminance Ev at 1 m distance, or luminous intensity Iv<\/h3>\n

Herewith the plot of the averaged<\/em> luminous intensity Iv as a function of the inclination angle with the light bulb.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

The radiation pattern<\/a> of the light bulb.<\/em><\/p>\n

This radiation pattern is the average of the light output of the light diagram given earlier. Also, in this graph the luminous intensity is given in Cd.<\/p>\n

These averaged values are used (later) to compute the lumen output.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Intensity data of every measured turn angle at each inclination angle.<\/em><\/p>\n

This plot shows per inclination angle the intensity measurement results for each turn angle at that inclination angle. There normally are differences in illuminance values for different turn angles. However for further calculations the averaged values will be used.<\/p>\n

When using the average values per inclination angle, the beam angle<\/a> can be computed, being 32\u00ba for all C-planes looked at.<\/p>\n

Luminous flux<\/a><\/h3>\n

With the averaged illuminance data at 1 m distance, taken from the graph showing the averaged radiation pattern, it is possible to compute the luminous flux<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The result of this computation for this light spot is a luminous flux of 1963 Lm.<\/p>\n

Luminous efficacy<\/a><\/h3>\n

The luminous flux being 1963 Lm, and the power of the light bulb being 27.0 W, yields a luminous efficacy of 73 Lm\/W.<\/p>\n

Electrical properties<\/a><\/h3>\n

A power factor of 0.65 means that for every 1 kWh net power consumed, a reactive component of 1.2 kVAr was needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lamp voltage<\/td>\n230 VAC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Lamp current<\/td>\n181 mA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Power P<\/td>\n27.0 W<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Apparent power<\/a> S<\/td>\n41.6 VA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Power factor<\/a><\/td>\n0.65<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Of this light bulb the voltage across ad the resulting current through it are measured and graphed. See the OliNo site<\/a> how this is obtained.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Voltage across and current through the lightbulb<\/em><\/p>\n

This waveforms have been checked on requirements posed by the norm IEC 61000-3-2:2006 (including up to A2:2009). See also the explanation on the OliNo website<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Harmonics in in the current waveform and checked against IEC61000-3-2:2006 and A2:2009
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

There are limits for the harmonics for lighting equipment > 25 W which are not fulfilled.<\/p>\n

One additional note: the voltage used to feed the lamp is not according to the requirements in this IEC norm but has a higher content in harmonics than allowed for the norm. The higher harmonic content in the voltage also reflects itself in the current therefore the results in the current are a bit too pessimistic.<\/p>\n

As the harmonics in the voltage used is not according the requirements of the norm it cannot be stated that the lamp’s current is not fulfilling the norm. However the result is a serious indication about the amount of harmonic content.<\/p>\n

For completeness the harmonic content of the used voltage is given.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Harmonics in in the voltage waveform and checked against IEC61000-3-2:2006 and A2:2009<\/em><\/p>\n

The Total Harmonic Distortion of the current is computed as 106 %.<\/p>\n

Temperature measurements lamp<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Zoomed in on side and bottom view.
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

The side and back with the heat exchange ribs has a high emissivity (taken 0.95 here) and is the hottest part of the lamp. So here the high emissivity is needed to radiate heat away.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

The front side of the lamp, overview
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

The front of the lamp is made of a aluminum version with an emissivity of about 0.60. The luminaire hardly gets warm so the relatively low emissivity is not an issue as there is little heat to be radiated away.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

The front side of the lamp, with the leds.<\/em><\/p>\n

The emissivity of the material at the front of the spots is about 0.80. This material is running hot and hence the relatively high emissivity enables it to radiate heat away.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
status lamp<\/td>\n> 2 hours on<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ambient temperature<\/td>\n22.5 deg C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
reflected background temperature<\/td>\n22.5 deg C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
camera<\/td>\nFlir T335<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
emissivity<\/td>\n0.6, 0.8 and 0.95(1)<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
measurement distance<\/td>\n0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IFOVgeometric<\/sub><\/td>\n0.136 mm per 0.1 m distance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NETD (thermal sensitivity)<\/td>\n50 mK<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

(1)<\/sup> See the text for explanation.<\/p>\n

Color temperature and Spectral power distribution<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

The spectral power distribution of this light bulb, energies on y-axis valid at 1 m distance.<\/em><\/p>\n

The measured color temperature is about 6350 K which is cold white.<\/p>\n

This color temperature is measured straight underneath the light bulb. Below a graph showing the color temperature for different inclination angles.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Color temperature as a function of inclination angle.<\/em><\/p>\n

The measurement of CCT is measured for inclination angles up to 55\u00ba. Beyond this angle the illuminance is very low (< 5 lux).<\/p>\n

The beam angle is 32\u00ba, meaning a 16\u00ba inclination angle. In this area most of the light is present. The variation in correlated color temperature in this area is about 5 %.<\/p>\n

PAR value and PAR spectrum<\/a><\/h3>\n

To make a statement how well the light of this light bulb is for growing plants, the PAR-area needs to be determined. See the OliNo website <\/a>how this all is determined and the explanation of the graph.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

The photon spectrum, then the sensitivity curve and as result the final PAR spectrum of the light of this light bulb<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
parameter<\/th>\nvalue<\/th>\nunit<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
PAR-number<\/td>\n52.9<\/td>\n\u03bcMol\/s\/m\u00b2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PAR-photon current<\/td>\n18.7<\/td>\n\u03bcMol\/s<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PAR-photon efficacy<\/td>\n0.7<\/td>\n\u03bcMol\/s\/W<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The PAR efficiency is 66 % (valid for the PAR wave length range of 400 – 700 nm). So maximally 66 % of the total of photons in the light is effectively used by the average plant (since the plant might not take 100 % of the photons at the frequency where its relative sensitivity is 100 %).<\/p>\n

S\/P ratio<\/a><\/h3>\n

The S\/P ratio and measurement is explained on the OliNo website<\/a>. Here the results are given.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\nThe power spectrum, sensitivity curves and resulting scotopic and photopic spectra (spectra energy content defined at 1 m distance).<\/em><\/p>\n

The S\/P ratio is 2.0.<\/p>\n

More info on S\/P ratio can be found on the OliNo website<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Chromaticity diagram<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

The chromaticity space<\/a> and the position of the lamp’s color coordinates in it.<\/em><\/p>\n

The light coming from this lamp is inside the area of class A. This is an area defined for signal lamps, see also the OliNo website<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Its coordinates are x=0.3171 and y=0.3163.<\/p>\n

Color Rendering Index (CRI) or also Ra<\/a><\/h3>\n

Herewith the image showing the CRI as well as how well different colors are represented (rendered). The higher the number, the better the resemblance with the color when a black body radiator would have been used (the sun, or an incandescent lamp). Practical information and also some critics about the CRI can be found on the OliNo website<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Each color has an index Rx, and the first 8 indexes (R1 .. R8) are averaged to compute the Ra which is equivalent to the CRI.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

CRI of the light of this lightbulb.<\/em><\/p>\n

The value of 75 is (little) lower than to the value 80 which is considered a minimum value for indoor usage.<\/p>\n

Note: the chromaticity difference is 0.0089 indicates the distance to the Planckian Locus<\/a>. There is no norm yet that states what the max deviation from white light is allowed to be. A reference with signal lights as a reference is given in the chromaticity<\/a> diagram.<\/p>\n

Voltage dependency<\/a><\/h3>\n

The dependency of a number of lamp parameters on the lamp voltage is determined. For this, the lamp voltage has been varied and its effect on the following light bulb parameters measured: illuminance E_v [lx], the lamppower P [W] and the luminous efficacy [Lm\/W].<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Lamp voltage dependencies of certain light bulb parameters, where the value at 230 V is taken as 100 %.<\/em><\/p>\n

The illuminance and consumed power vary insignificantly when the voltage is varied.<\/p>\n

When the voltage at 230 V varies with + and – 5 V, then the illuminance varies < 0.1 %, so when abrupt voltage changes occur this effect is not visible in the illuminance output.<\/p>\n

Warm up effects<\/a><\/h3>\n

After switch on of a cold lamp, the effect of heating up of the lamp is measured on illuminance E_v [lx], the lamppower P [W] and the luminous efficacy [lm\/W].<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Effect of warming up on different light bulb parameters. At top the 100 % level is put at begin, and at bottom at the end.<\/em><\/p>\n

The warm up time is about 60 minutes, during which the illuminance decreases with 8 % and the consumed power with 7 %.<\/p>\n

Measure of flickering<\/a><\/h3>\n

An analysis is done on the measure of flickering of the light output by this light bulb. See the OliNo site<\/a> for more information.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

The measure of fast illuminance variation of the light of the light bulb<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
parameter<\/th>\nvalue<\/th>\nunit<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Flicker frequency<\/td>\n58<\/td>\nHz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Illuminance modulation index<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The illuminance modulation index is computed as: (max_Ev – min_Ev) \/ (max_Ev + min_Ev).<\/p>\n

Extra foto<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\nThe suspension system with metal wires and screws<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

presents a 4x spot ledlamp that is suspended via steel cables fixed on a ceiling. The lamp emits cold white light. This article shows the measurement results. Many parameters are also found in the Eulumdat file. See this overview for a comparison with other light bulbs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7,20],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/olino.org\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5930"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/olino.org\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/olino.org\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olino.org\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olino.org\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5930"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/olino.org\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5930\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5932,"href":"https:\/\/olino.org\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5930\/revisions\/5932"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/olino.org\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5930"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olino.org\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5930"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olino.org\/blog\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5930"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}